Heat-distributer.



L. S. CHADWICK.

HEAT DISTRIBUTER.

APPLICATION FILED APR.-17. 1914.

Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

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COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH 0)., WASHINGTON. n. c.

L. S. CHADWICK.

HEAT DISTRIBUTER.

APPLICATION FILEDAPR. 17,1914.

Patented Aug. 17, 1915.

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LEE s. GHADWIGK, or EAST CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO run CLEVELAND FOUNDRY COMPANY, or CLEVELAND, orrro, A coaroraa'rrolv or OHIO.

HEA'r DIsrnIBUrEn.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 17, 1914. Serial No. 332,437.

' had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to heat distributers for use particularly in ovens of the type shown in my copending application No. 7 97 ,217 for stoves, filed October 25, 1913.

The heat is supplied to the oven shown in-the aforesaid application, by a burner that is located beneath the oven and which discharges its products of combustion into the oven through an opening in the bottomwall thereof. The opening is considerably smaller than the area of said wall, and,in the particular embodiment shown in said application, is located to one side and forward of the center of the oven. It will be readily seen that, from this arrangement, unless some suitable heat deflector or .distributer is provided, the temperature of that portion of the oven above the burner will be much higher than the temperature of the surrounding portions, and such a condition would have a disastrous effect, in cooking, as can well be understood. Another difficulty experienced, in the absence of a properly constructed deflector or distributer, is-

the creating of a downward draft in the chimney of the burner by the'closing of the oven door, which results in the flame being blown out, or a disagreeable smoking of the 7 burner.

' door, from the direction of the burner and i The objects of this invention are to'provide a heat distributer thatmay be placed the opening 6, and its side edges are turned bottom wall, in order that the temperature of the oven will be uniform throughout the entire space above the planeof said distributer; and to so construct and form the distributer that it will act" to deflect the draft, incident to the closing of the oven prevent it f h i any effect thereon.

Asa more limited object, my inventionpro-- vides a deflector of the aforesaid nature which is composed of a pair of sheet metal distribute the heat evenly plates, one of which is superimposed above the other and both of which are carried by a grid that forms the bottom shelf of the oven; to make the lower of the plates the larger, so that it will project beyond the edges of the upper plate, and to soform it and locate it with respect to the other plate and the burner, that the desired distribution of heat is accomplished, as will be clearly brought out hereinafter;

Further objects, which are attained through the novel construction of my heat distributer, will become apparent as this description proceeds- In the drawings, Figure 1 represents a transverse, vertical section through the lower portion of an oven having one of my distributers therein, the view including a part of the supporting structure and a portion of the burner chimney, and being taken on the line 11 of Fig. 2; Fig. 2 is asection on the line 2-2 of Fig.1, and looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the distributer and the grid whereby it is carried; and Fig. 4 is a perspective of the near corner of the distributer (as it is shown in Fig. 3) and includes a part of the bottom plate of the oven.

Since the oven construction forms no part of my present invention, it will be described only in a general way as comprising the front wall 1, rear wall 2, side walls 3 and 4, and bottom wall 5. The bottom wall 5 is provided with an opening 6 that is located to one side and forward of the center of said wall, and through which the products of combustion rise from the chimney 7 of the burner to the interior of the oven. The botand has an opening 9 which is located above upward and inward to form ledges 10 and 11, as shown clearly in Fig. 1.

The oven shown herein is of the class that can be used eitheras one operating under the. usual principle of circulating the heat through the oven, or as one commonly known as the fireless type. Therefore, the walls of the oven are filled with a heat insulating material, and a lagged damper plate 12 occupies the space between the bottom plate 8 and the bottom wall 5 of the oven and is adapted to be slid forward, by therod 13, to coverlthe opening 6, when itis desired to use the oven as a fireless cooker.

Patented Aug. 1'7, 1915 The grid which forms the bottom shelf of the oven and which carries my heat distributer, is supported by the ledges 10 and 11. It consists of a rectangular wire "frame, the front and rear members of which are represented by 14 and 15, respectively, and the ends of these members are connected by the side members 16 and 17, which rest directly upon the ledges 10 and 11, respectively. A series of U-shaped members 18 form the supporting surface of the grid, and the ends of the parallel branches of the U- shaped members 18 rest upon the front and rear members 14L and 15 of the frame and are secured thereto by any suitable method, as by. welding. ecured to the underneath surfaces of the members 18 and extending transversely thereof from the side member 17 of the grid to within a short distance of the other side member, are a pair of rods 19 and 20,.the first being located a little forward of the transverse center of the grid while the latter is situated about midway between the former rod and the rear member 15 of the grid frame.

The 'distributer is preferably constructed from a single piece of sheet metal that is formed in such a manner as to comprise three distinct sections or portions, such sectionsv being referred to hereinafter, respectively, as an upper plate 21, a lower plate 22, and a front plate 23 which connects the forward edges of the upper and lower plates. The rear edge of the lower plate is turned downward and about the, wirer19,

as shown at 24, the downturned portion ofv the plate being notched for the accommodation of the parallel branches of the U-shaped end'sof the U-shaped members 18 and is then directed downward to form the front plate 23 of the distributer. The front plate 23 is inclined a little forward towardits lower edge, where it joins thefront edge of the lower plate 22, a slight distance abovethe bottom plate 8 of the oven.

The lower plate 22 is inclined upward and rearward from its forward edge until it very closely approaches the underneath surface of the U-shaped members 18, a little to the rear of the rod 19 which defines the'rear edge of the upper plate 21. From here the plate 22 is gradually inclined downward toward its rear edge where it is abruptly turned upward and forward and is curled about the rod'20, (as shown at 26) whereby it is supported. The upper side of the curled-over portion 26 is notched to accommodate the U-shaped members 18, as shown at '27, particularly in Fig. 1. It will be seen from the transverse section of the dis: tributer, shown in the same figure, that the side edgesof the upper plate are turned downward and inwa rdat 28, for the purpose'of strengthening the plate, and for the 7 same purpose, the side edges of the'lower plate 22*aretreated in like manner, as shown at 29. The ends of the front plate'23 of the 'distributer are turned over asshown at 30,

site side edge of the upper plate is spaced inward some distance from the left hand side edge of the lower plate. It will be observed,

also, (see Fig. 4:) that amember 31 connects the forward end of the ledge 11 with the bottom plate 8 and 1 closes the space which would otherwise be left between the'right hand end of the front plate 23, and the up turned side portion of the bottom plate 8; for, it will be understood, in order to permit the grid to be lowered upon the ledges 10 and 11, the front plate must be short enough. to pass the inner edge of the ledge 11. By the presence of the member 31 and the overhanging, right hand edge of the upper plate 21, the corn-er of the ovenbeneath the distributer is very effectively closed against the (cilraft created by the closing of the oven oor. 7 7

With the distributer constructed in V accordance with the foregoing descriptionvand located within the'oven as shown in the accompanying drawings, it has the eflect of deflecting the heat rearwardly ,as it rises from the chimney of the burner. The front portion of the plate 22, which is directly above the burner, will, of course, become the hottest because of the intensity of the heat at this point, and will raise the temperature of the air within the space between the plates 21 and 22, and, in that-manner, trans.

mit the heat to the upper plate 21, from the upper surface of which it radiates at a temperature desirable for cookingpurposes. It will be noted that ;a restricted passageway is formed between the rear downturned edge of the upper plate 21 and the adjacent portion of the lower plate 22, and this acts to retard the flow of heated air be tween the plates, in the rearward direction,

causing: a part of. itvto escape around the left hand end of the upper plate 21. It is estimated that the air which escapes from beneath the plate 21'is of about the same temperature as that which rises from its surface. The rearward circulation of the heated air from the burner is somewhat re-' tarded beneath the highest point of the lower plate 22, because of the'downward inclination of the plate therebeyondf This ture thereof has dropped to approximately the same degree as that of the air which rises from the upper surface of the rear portion" of the plate 22, surface of the plate 21.

v From the foregoing, it will be seen, that, by the use of my heat distributer, a very uniform temperature is caused to exlst throughout all parts of the oven; and, as hereinbefore pointed out, the distributor protects the burner from the draft created by the closing of'the oven door. While I have described a very desirable construction for my heat distributer, and have set forth a particular location for it within the oven, I wish it to be understood that I do not confine myself to such a construction or location further than required by the terms of the annexed claims and the prior state of the art.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is z- 1. A heat distributer comprising a substantially horizontal plate, and a second plate located therebeneath, said second plate and from the upper being inclined upward toward and beyond the edge of the first mentioned plate and then downward and outward therefrom, the edge of the first mentioned plate and the adjacent portion of the second plate being spaced apart. g

2. A heat distributer comprising a substantially horizontal plate having a downturned edge, and a second platelocate'd therebeneath, said second plate'being inclined upward toward and beyond the edge of the first mentioned plate and then downward and outward therefrom, the downturned edge of the first mentioned plate and the adjacent portion of mg spaced apart.

3. A heat distributer comprising a substantially horizontal plate, and a second plate which is inclined upward from" beneath one edge of the-first mentioned plate toward and beyond its opposite edge, the

second plate being turned downward and outward therebeyond, the last "mentioned edge ofthe first plate being spaced from the adjacent portion of the second plate.

4. A heat distributercomprising a substantially horizontalplate having 'a downturned edge,

the second plate beand a second plate which is inclined upward from beneath the opposite edge of the first mentioned plate toward and beyond its downturned edge from where said second plate is then turned downward and outward, the downturned edge of the first mentioned plate being spaced from the adjacent'portion of the second plate.

5. A heat distributer comprising a sub stantially horizontal plate, a substantially vertical plate-which depends from one edge thereof, and a plate which is inclined upward from the lower edge of the vertical plate toward and beyond the opposite edge of the first mentioned plate, the inclined plate being turned downward and outward therebeyond, the edge of the first mentioned plate and the adjacent portion of the inclined plate being spaced apart.

6. A heat 'distributer comprising a substantially horizontal, rectangular plate, a second plate which is of greater width and length than the first mentioned plate located beneath said first plate, a substantially vertical plate that connects and spaces apart the corresponding edges of the first and second mentioned p ates, the second plate being inclined upward from the lower edge of the vertical plate toward and beyond the opposite edge of the first mentioned plate from where it is'then turned downward and outward, the edge of the first plate being and outward.

' 8. A heat distributer that is formed from a single piece of sheet metal and having a flat, substantially horizontal portion, a substantially vertical portion thatdepends from one edge thereof, and a portion which is in clined upward from the lower edge of the vertical portion toward and beyond the opposite edge of the first mentioned portion from where it is then turned downward and outward, the first named portion being of less breadth than the last named portion.

9. A- device of the character described comprising, in combination, a grid that is composed. of a substantially rectangular frame and a series of parallelmembers carried by said frame and having ends that project beyond one side of the frame, a pair of rods secured to the underneath surfaces of the parallel members and extendingtransversely. thereof, and a single piece of sheet metal that has aportion which rests upon bent around the end of the parallel members and then downward in a substantially vertical plane from where it is then inclined upward toward and beyond the edge which embraces the aforesaid transverse rod, the said plate then being turned downward and outward to a point beneath the second mentioned transverse rod where it is bent upward and about said rod, the portion of the plate surrounding the last mentioned rod being notched for the accommodation ofthe parallel members.

10. A device of the character described comprising, in combination, a grid that is composed of a substantially rectangular frame and a series of U-shaped members supported thereby, the U-shaped members having closed ends that overhang one side of the frame, a pair of rods secured to the underneath surface of the U-shaped members and extending transversely thereof, and a sheet metal member that has one of its ends notched and the portions between the notches turned downward between the parallel branches of the U-shaped members and about one of said rods, a portion of the sheet metal member overlying the upper surface of the U-shaped members and being turned about the closed ends of said members in a manner to embrace said ends, said sheet metal. member then being directed downward in a substantially vertical plane and then upward and rearward beyond its edge which is turned about the aforesaid rod from where said member is inclined downward and outward to a point beneath the second of said rods, the edge of the member being bent upward and about the rod, and the portion surrounding said rod being notched forv the accommodation of the parallel branches of the U-shaped members. i

11. A device of the character described comprising, in combination, a grid that is' composed of a substantially rectangular frame and a series of parallel members supqopies of this patent may be obtained for Washington, D. G.

brace: said ends, said sheet'metal member then being directed downward in a substantiallyvertical plane andthen bent up ward and rearward beyond'its edge which is turned about the aforesaid rod from where" .7 the member is turned downward and outward to a point beneath the. second of said I rods, the edge of the member beingbent'upward and about the rod.-

12. A heat distributer for ovens of the class having an opening in its bottom, wall, which opening is located forward and to one side of the center of the oven, and have-V ing, also, a pair of opposedledges which are, V spaced from said-bottom wall, the distrib-,

uter comprising, in combination, a grid thatis composed of a substantiallyrectangular frame which is adapted to rest upon the aforesaid ledges, U-shap'ed members which extend from front to rear, of'said frame and are supported thereby, a pair ofrods'that are secured to the underneath surfaces of the U-shaped members and extend transversely thereof from that side of the frame adjacent the opening in the bottom wall of the oven toward the opposite side of the frame,a sheet metal memberwhichhas a notched edge, the portionsv between the notches being-bent downward between the.

parallel branches of the U-shaped members and aboutthat rod whichis located nearest the front of the grid, a portion of the sheet metal member resting upon the upper surface of the U-shaped members and having from where it isinclined upward toward and beyond the aforesaid notched edgeof the memberand in proximityto the underneath surface of the U-shaped members, the. sheet metal member being then directed downward and rearward to a point beneath the other of the transverse rods, from where it is bent upward and about said rod, and a member that is of substantially the same width as one of the ledges of the oven and whichextends fromthe forward end of one of the ledges downward to the bottom of the oven in juxtaposition to the end of the ver tical portion of the sheet metal member, as and forthe purpose specified. t

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.-

LEE S. OHADWICK,

Witnesses: 1

- BRENNAN B. WEST, pp HUGH B. MCGILL.

five cents each, by addressing-the fiomniis sioner of Patents, 

